When we discuss network topology we have to understand
certain terms. Among these terms node, branch or loops are used most of the
time. Let’s see what they mean.
Branch: A single element with its terminals is usually
called a branch. For example a voltage source or a resistor is a branch.
Node: When two or more branches are connected at a point
then that point is called a node.
Loop: A closed path in a circuit is called a loop.
Mesh: Mesh is a kind of loop which has no loop inside it. But
you have to remember that all meshes are also loops. But all loops are not
meshes.
For example let’s have look at the following figure:
In a network or circuit, number of loop, nodes and branches
has to satisfy the following fundamental relationship:
b=l+n-1
where, b = number of branches,
l = number of loops and
n = number of nodes.
There is another important thing to remember in circuit
analysis.
01.
In a series connection two
or more elements are connected sequentially, so they carry the same current I
, that is in a series connection current will always remain constant where
as voltage will have a drop after each element.
02.
In a parallel connection,
all the branches are connected at two common nodes. So, they apparently have
the same voltage at each node but the current is divided according to ohm’s
law.
